Mar 11
11
Three Scientists Win Nobel Prize in Medicine
This is the VOA Special English Health Report. Three scientists based in the United States have won the two thousand nine Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. They are being honored for their work in the nineteen eighties about the health of cells and the aging process. The winners are Elizabeth Blackburn from the University of California, San Francisco; Jack Szostak from Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts and Carol Greider from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland. They will share the one million four hundred thousand dollar prize. The scientists’ work begins with telomeres. These are like protective coverings on the ends of chromosomes. Elizabeth Blackburn compares them to the plastic tips on the ends of shoelaces. She says without telomeres the chromosome and the genes it holds would come apart. Telomeres are necessary for a cell to divide. They also are involved in directing the number of divisions. Miz Blackburn and Mister Szostak discovered the special system of genetic information in the telomeres that protects the chromosomes from ruin. Later, Miz Blackburn and Miz Greider discovered the substance in the body that builds telomeres. The scientists named the enzyme telomerase. Their research showed that cells age if telomeres are shortened. But, cell death is delayed if a lot of the enzyme telomerase is produced. Rune Toftgard is a Nobel Committee member from Sweden’s Karolinska Institute. He says the work of telomeres is important to the understanding of …
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Part 3 of Dr. William H. Andrews presentation “Telomere Activation: The Future of Anti-Aging Medicine”
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